Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwamaphaneli e-Photovoltaic

Njengamanje, abacwaningi basebenza ezindaweni ezintathu eziyinhloko zocwaningo lwe-photovoltaics: i-crystalline silicon, i-perovskites kanye namaseli elanga aguquguqukayo.Lezi zindawo ezintathu ziyahambisana, futhi zinamandla okwenza ubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic buphumelele nakakhulu.

I-Crystalline silicon iyinto evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kumaphaneli elanga.Nokho, ukusebenza kahle kwayo kungaphansi kakhulu komkhawulo wethiyori.Ngakho-ke, abacwaningi sebeqalile ukugxila ekuthuthukiseni ama-PV e-crystalline athuthukile.I-National Renewable Energy Laboratory njengamanje igxile ekuthuthukiseni izinto ezihlanganisa i-III-V okulindeleke ukuthi zibe namazinga asebenza kahle afinyelela ku-30%.

I-Perovskites iwuhlobo olusha lweseli yelanga esanda kuboniswa ukuthi iyasebenza futhi iyasebenza.Lezi zinto zibizwa nangokuthi "ama-photosynthetic complexes."Ziye zasetshenziselwa ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli elanga.Kulindeleke ukuthi zidayiswe eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-silicon, ama-perovskites awabizi futhi anezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezingase zibe khona.

I-Perovskites ingahlanganiswa nezinto ze-silicon ukudala iseli elilanga elisebenzayo neliqinile.Amaseli elanga e-crystal e-Perovskite angaba amaphesenti angu-20 asebenza kahle kune-silicon.Izinto ze-Perovskite ne-Si-PV nazo zibonise amazinga okusebenza okurekhoda afika kumaphesenti angu-28.Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi baye benza ubuchwepheshe be-bifacial eyenza amangqamuzana elanga akwazi ukuvuna amandla ezinhlangothini zombili zephaneli.Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zentengiso, njengoba konga imali ezindlekweni zokufakwa.

Ngaphezu kwama-perovskites, abacwaningi baphinde bahlole izinto ezingasebenza njengezithwali zokushaja noma izibambisi zokukhanya.Lezi zinto zingasiza futhi ukwenza amaseli elanga abe ukonga.Angasiza futhi ukudala amaphaneli angenwa kalula ukulimala.

Abacwaningi okwamanje basebenzela ukwakha iseli yelanga ye-Tandem Perovskite esebenza kahle kakhulu.Leli seli kulindeleke ukuthi lidayiswe eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.Abacwaningi basebenzisana noMnyango Wezamandla wase-US kanye neNational Science Foundation.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi basebenza nezindlela ezintsha zokuvuna amandla elanga ebumnyameni.Lezi zindlela zihlanganisa i-distillation yelanga, esebenzisa ukushisa okuvela kuphaneli ukuhlanza amanzi.Lawa masu ahlolwa eStanford University.

Abacwaningi baphinde baphenya nokusetshenziswa kwemishini ye-PV ye-thermoradiative.Lawa madivaysi asebenzisa ukushisa okuvela kuphaneli ukuze akhiqize ugesi ebusuku.Lobu buchwepheshe bungaba usizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibandayo lapho ukusebenza kwamaphaneli kunomkhawulo.Izinga lokushisa lamaseli lingakhuphuka libe ngaphezu kuka-25degC ophahleni olumnyama.Amaseli nawo angapholiswa ngamanzi, okuwenza asebenze kangcono.

Laba bacwaningi basanda kuthola ukusetshenziswa kwamaseli elanga aguquguqukayo.Lawa maphaneli angakwazi ukumelana nokucwiliswa emanzini futhi alula kakhulu.Bayakwazi futhi ukumelana nokugilwa yimoto.Ucwaningo lwabo lusekelwa Uhlelo lwe-Eni-MIT Alliance Solar Frontiers.Bakwazile nokusungula indlela entsha yokuhlola amaseli e-PV.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwamaphaneli e-photovoltaic lugxile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe obusebenza kahle kakhulu, obungabizi kakhulu, futhi obuhlala isikhathi eside.Le mizamo yocwaningo yenziwa amaqembu anhlobonhlobo e-United States nasemhlabeni jikelele.Ubuchwepheshe obuthembisa kakhulu buhlanganisa amaseli elanga esizukulwane sesibili azacile namaseli elanga aguquguqukayo.