Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuGcinwa kwaMandla eKhaya leSizwe

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, umsebenzi womgaqo-nkqubo wokugcinwa kwamandla kwinqanaba likarhulumente uye wakhawuleza.Oku kubangelwa ubukhulu becala kukukhula kophando kwiteknoloji yokugcina amandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.Abanye oothunywashe, kuquka usukelo neemfuno zikarhulumente, nabo baye banegalelo ekwandeni komsebenzi.

Ukugcinwa kwamandla kunokunyusa ukomelela kwegridi yombane.Ibonelela ngombane wokuxhasa xa ukuveliswa kombane kuphazamisekile.Kwakhona kunokunciphisa iincopho ekusebenziseni inkqubo.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukugcinwa kuthathwa njengento ebalulekileyo kwinguqu yamandla acocekileyo.Njengoko izixhobo ezihlaziyiweyo eziguqukayo ngakumbi ziza kwi-Intanethi, imfuno yokuguquguquka kwenkqubo iyakhula.Itekhnoloji yogcino inokulibazisa imfuno yokuphuculwa kwenkqubo ebiza imali eninzi.

Nangona imigaqo-nkqubo yezinga likarhulumente iyahluka ngokubhekiselele kububanzi kunye nobudlova, zonke zijoliswe ekukhuliseni ukufikelela okukhuphisanayo kugcino lwamandla.Eminye imigaqo-nkqubo ijolise ekwandiseni ukufikelela kwisitoreji ngelixa ezinye zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukugcinwa kwamandla kuhlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo yokulawula.Imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente inokusekwa kumthetho, kumyalelo wesigqeba, kuphando, okanye kuphando lwekomishoni eluncedo.Kwiimeko ezininzi, zenzelwe ukunceda ukubuyisela iimarike ezikhuphisanayo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo echazwe ngakumbi kwaye iququzelele utyalo-mali lokugcina.Eminye imigaqo-nkqubo ikwabandakanya inkuthazo yotyalo-mali lokugcina ngoyilo lwexabiso kunye nenkxaso-mali.

Okwangoku, amazwe amathandathu amkele imigaqo-nkqubo yokugcina amandla.I-Arizona, iCalifornia, iMaryland, iMassachusetts, iNew York, neOregon ngamazwe amkele imigaqo-nkqubo.Ilizwe ngalinye lamkele umgangatho ochaza umyinge wamandla ahlaziyekayo kwipotfoliyo yawo.Amazwe ambalwa nawo ahlaziye iimfuno zabo zokucwangcisa izixhobo ezibandakanya ukugcinwa.I-Pacific Northwest National Laboratory ichonge iindidi ezintlanu zemigaqo-nkqubo yokugcina amandla kwinqanaba likarhulumente.Le migaqo-nkqubo iyahluka ngokobundlongondlongo, kwaye ayizizo zonke ezimiselweyo.Endaweni yoko, bachonga iimfuno zokuqonda okuphuculweyo kwegridi kwaye babonelele ngesakhelo sophando lwexesha elizayo.Le migaqo-nkqubo inokuphinda isebenze njengesicwangciso sokulandelwa kwamanye amazwe.

NgoJulayi, i-Massachusetts idlulise i-H.4857, ejolise ekunyuseni ekujoliswe kuyo ekuthengeni ukugcinwa kwe-state kwi-1,000 MW ngo-2025. Umthetho uyalela iKomishoni ye-Public Utilities Commission (PUC) karhulumente ukuba ibeke imithetho ekhuthaza ukuthengwa kwezinto eziluncedo kwimithombo yokugcina amandla.Ikwayalela i-CPUC ukuba ithathele ingqalelo isakhono sogcino lwamandla ukulibazisa okanye ukuphelisa utyalo-mali olusekelwe kwiziseko ezingundoqo zefosili.

E-Nevada, i-PUC karhulumente yamkele injongo yokuthenga ye-100 MW ngowama-2020. Oku kujoliswe kuko kwahlulwe ngokweeprojekthi eziqhagamshelwe kuthumelo, iiprojekthi eziqhagamshelene nokuhanjiswa, kunye neeprojekthi eziqhagamshelwe kubathengi.I-CPUC ikwakhuphe isikhokelo kwiimvavanyo zokonga imali kwiiprojekthi zokugcina.Urhulumente ukwaphuhlise imithetho yeenkqubo zoqhagamshelo ezilungelelanisiweyo.I-Nevada ikwalela amaxabiso asekelwe kuphela kubunini bogcino lwamandla kubathengi.

IQela laMandla acocekileyo lisebenza kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo, abalawuli, kunye nabanye abachaphazelekayo ukukhuthaza ukwanda kokuthunyelwa kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla.Ikwasebenzele ukuqinisekisa ukuhlawulwa ngokulinganayo kwezibonelelo zokugcina, kubandakanywa nokukrolwa kwabantu abafumana imivuzo ephantsi.Ukongeza, iQela laMandla acocekileyo liphuhlise inkqubo yokubuyisela amandla okugcina amandla asisiseko, afana nezaphulelo ezinikezelwa ngasemva kwemitha yokuthunyelwa kwelanga kumazwe amaninzi.